Newton’s Second Law: The Atwood Machine using tracker - IPSE FPMIPA UPI - Science Lab 2

SCIENCE LAB 2

Newton’s Second Law: The Atwood Machine using tracker

Echa Nurlaeli Naufal, Hengky Kusniar, Hurin Azka Milatina, Weni Annisa Putri

International Program on Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia

Abstract. As a student, we have an obligation to learn. In this modern age, the tools to help the learning process are very important. Especially, on learning that requires a tool to analyze an experiment. One of the most useful tools to help students in an analysis is the tracker. The Tracker video analysis enables students to directly model real-world objects based on Newton’s Law. Tracker provides the real time simulation to further investigate physics phenomena. By using this software, students can test their models experimentally by direct visual inspection, student can prove the additional parameter such as the inertial moment constant (k) experimentally. Therefore, the research will show the kinematics investigation of The Atwood Machine. And implied that the program can be further applied to physics educational purposes.

INTRODUCTION

The use of Atwood's machine in illustrating the principles of the application of Newton's second law to a simple physical system, whose connected parts have both rotational and translational motion, is shown. A diagram which shows the forces acting on all the component masses is drawn, and this picture facilitates the setting-up of the appropriate F = ma and τ = Iα equations. The moment of inertia of the pulley, the friction in its bearings, and the mass of the string are included in the accelerating system in a natural way. The observed acceleration of the hanging masses can be compared with that computed by this method.  In a case of studying an object Atwood machine, we commonly use traditional method. By using the Tracker video analysis method, all kinematics parameters of cylinders rolling down a ramp can be investigated by direct visual inspection.

Materials and Methods

The materials we needed are Pulley, Two weight hangers and weights (masses), String, Laboratory timer or stopwatch, Set of slotted weights (masses), including small 5-g, 2-g, and 1-g masses, Paper clips, String, Laboratory timer or stopwatch, Meters tic, and sheets of Cartesian graph paper. The method are Set up the Atwood machine equipped with the video recorder. The video recorder is placed statically in front of the Atwood machine using a standing holder. The video framework must cover all descending ascending mass motions. The ascending mass should begin close to, but not touching, the floor. The descending mass will start at the top shows the experimental setup. Make the string long enough, and install Setting up the Atwood machine. The Ascending mass starts near the bottom, close to, but not touching, the floor. The descending mass starts from rest at the top. The video recorded is placed in front of this system to record the ascending descending mass motions. Begin by placing 50 g on hanger. This added weight will prevent the system from moving too fast, and data collection will be easier. For all data collection and calculations, keep track of the total ascending and descending masses, including the mass of the hanger.

When the ascending and descending masses are equal, the system should not move. If it does, check that the pulley is level. Add a 5-g piece to the descending mass to unbalance the system. Make a note of the ascending and descending masses in. Do not forget to account for the mass of the hangers. Record this motion using video recorder Place the ascending mass at the bottom and the descending mass at the top, as shown in Gently hold the pulley to prevent the system from moving. Just before the system start from rest, start recording the video. Keep your eyes on the system, and press the STOP video recording button after the masses reach the end of their line and bounce. 

Add 10 g to each hanger. The descending mass should still have the 5-g unbalance. Note that this increases the overall total mass of the system but keeps the unbalanced force the same. Repeat the data collection process, and enter the data. Repeat two more times, each time adding an extra 10 g to each hanger. Save the video into computer Open the Tracker Software. Open the recorded experiment videos perform the auto tracking on the ascending and descending mass. Look the Pre-experiment procedure to use the Tracker Rod and clamps descending mass ascending mass Software. Look the result and investigate the data.

Print the graph and label each of the plots with the unbalanced force corresponding to each trial. Paste the graph to the Laboratory Report and Calculate the net unbalanced force, in newtons.17. Calculate the theoretical acceleration for each trial. Compare the theoretical value with the experimental.

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