Research Proposal Part III (Research Methodology) - The Development of Bloodventure Game to Improve Students Understanding and Motivation Learning on Circulatory sytem Topic - By Hengky Kusniar
1. Research Method and Research Design
The method used in this
research is quasi-experimental. Creswell
(2012) stated that quasi experiments include assignment, but not random
assignment of participants to group.
The researcher use the
quantitative approach for students understanding of Circulatory System concept.
This approach based on the research objectives of this study what will be achieved.
The main objective of this study is to
improve students understanding and motivation learning on circulatory topic
using Bloodventure game.
In the
research conducted, two classes were used as participants for this study, in
which one class as a control group using the Circulatory System PowerPoint
presentation as the teaching media, and another class using a Bloodventure game
as a media of teaching. This method was chosen because it is an appropriate way
to interpret the use of Game-Based Learning as teaching media to improve
students' understanding and motivation in learning about the Circulatory
system.
The design used in this research is pre-test and post-test design (Creswell, 2012). The researcher assigns intact groups the experimental and control treatments as shown in Table 4, administers a pre-test to both groups, conducts experimental treatment activities with the experimental group only, and then administers a post-test to assess the differences between the two groups.
Table 4.
Research design
|
Select Control
Group |
Pre-test |
Using Power
point as a teaching media |
Post-test |
|
Select Experimental
Group |
Post-test |
Using Bloodventure game |
Post-test |
In this study, a private secondary Education school was used for
Student learning on the topic of the Human Circulatory System in Biology
courses based on the Indonesian Basic Education Curriculum.
The school implements a technology infrastructure that includes
the internet, wireless communication, and personal computers with the support
of the Office of the Basic Education.
A total of 8th-grade on 2nd semester of science
students from two classes participated in this study. One class was assigned to
receive learning with the Bloodventure game as a teaching media, and another participated
in the conventional learning using power point as a teaching media.
In
order to avoid misconception in this research, some operational definitions are
explained in this research. The research variables are explained as follow:
a) Student Understanding
In this study are the competencies of
students which include cognitive levels such as remembering (C1), understanding
(C2) and applying (C3). The indicators are the Blood and Human Circulatory
system. This competency is measured using Objective test multiple choice
questions and essays (pre-test and post-test).
b) Students Motivation
In this research is the feedback from students after they learn using bloodventure game. The indicators for measuring students ‘motivation using ARCS (attention, relevancy, Confidence, satisfaction) Model and the question of the questionnaire is made by researcher by following ARCS indicators.
The assumptions of this research are:
a)
Using
Bloodventure game in the topic of Circulatory System can improve students'
conceptual understanding better than PowerPoint as a teaching media.
b)
Using
Bloodventure game on the topic of Circulatory system can improve students'
motivation abilities better than PowerPoint as a teaching media
Hypothesis
that is tested in this study are as follow:
H0: There is no effect in students ‘understanding in learning
Circulatory System between experiment class and control class using
Bloodventure Game and Power Point as a teaching media.
H1: There is an effect in students ‘understanding in Circulatory
System between experiment class and control class using Bloodventure Game and
Power Point as a teaching media.
In order to make
the data gain is arranged well, the research instrument is necessary. There are
four type of instrument that is used in this research which is objective test
(multiple choice and essay for pretest and posttest), observation sheet and
questionnaire. Those instruments are described as
follow:
a) Objective
Test
Objective
test in this research is multiple choice and essay. Objectives test have
purpose to measuring the cognitive process dimension based on Revised Bloom’s
Taxonomy from C1 until C3 only. The cognitive process dimension is:
C1. Remembering: Retrieving relevant knowledge from
long- term Memory
C2. Understanding: Determining the meaning of
instructional messages, including oral, written, and graphic communication
C3. Applying: Carrying out or using a procedure in a
given situation.
In order to make the objective test is validate using anates version 4.1, the objective test should be analysis first using several test such as:
a. Validity
According to Fraenkeland Wallen (2012) Validity refers to the appropriateness, meaningful-ness, correctness, and usefulness of the inferences a researcher makes. Before the objective test can used for measuring students conceptual understanding, objective test should be validated and validity becoming important aspect of any test. Validity can be measured using correlation formula stated by Person.
b) Observation
Sheet
Observation sheet used for controlling/ checking the
learning activity that consist of student’s activity and teacher activity. The
arrangement of the observation sheet following the lessons plan that made by researcher.
Observation sheet will be done by observer who observe along teaching and
learning activity.
c) Questionnaire
The
questionnaire is used to know the students’ Motivation after using Bloodventure
Game as multimedia in learning Solar System, whether the results positive or
negative for the students. Respond scale that used for this questionnaire is
Likert Scale. In Likert Scale, the respondents are asked to give a respond of
each statement with multiple answers which are Strongly Agree, Agree, Neutral,
Disagree, and Strongly Disagree. In this research, the “neutral” answer is
omitted to avoid the hesitation of students’ impression whether the impression
is negative or positive.
The prototyping development model
presented in Figure 3.1 is then expanded to fit the purpose of this research.
The procedure taken in this research can be seen in Figure
a)
Preparation
Stage
Before taking the data of this research,
there are several steps that should be followed in this preparation stage. The
steps as follow:
1) Formulating the problem to be analyzed.
2) Determining variables that will be the
focus of research.
3) Conducting literature review of Game-based
Learning and Students’ Understanding and Student Motivation
4) Arranging the proposal of research that
will be presented in proposal seminar.
5) Consulting the research proposal to
lecture and expertise
6) Presenting proposal of research in
proposal seminar.
7) Revising proposal of research that has
been given a critics and suggestions by lectures.
8) Arranging the instrument of research and
asking expert to judge.
9) Developing the Bloodventure game and
asking to expert judge
10) Revising the Bloodventure Game and
instrument of research that has been judged by expert.
11) Testing instrument of research in class
and analyzing it by ANATES
12) Testing the Bloodventure game before implement in the research
b)
Implementation
Stage
The
following steps are how this research will be the implemented:
1) Determining the experimental and control
class.
2) Giving pre-test for both two classes. The
purpose is to gain the information of students’ initial condition
3) Analyzing the pre-test result.
4) Conducting the research to experimental class by
implementing Bloodventure Game and Power point to the control class in learning
circulatory system.
5) Giving post-test for both two classes. The
purpose is to gain the information of students’ enhancement in critical
thinking skills.
6) Giving questionnaire to know students’
Motivation towards implementation of Bloodventure Game in learning Circulatory
System.
c)
Completion
Stage
This stage is the
last procedure in conducting the research, the steps to be followed in this
completion stage are:
1)
Analyzing
the results of the whole report.
2)
Arranging
the analysis of report.
3)
Arranging
the report of the research.
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