The Evolution of Biological Diversity Invertebrates & Vertebrates Worksheet - IPSE FPMIPA UPI

 PLANT & ANIMAL DIVERSITY

THE EVOLUTION OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

(INVERTEBRATES & VERTEBRATES)

WORKSHEET

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

No.	GROUP	CHARACTERISTIC	EXAMPLE
1	SPONGES	§  Have pores to absorb water in big amount §  Have holes called osculum for H2O and CO2 circulation §  Don’t have organs	·      Purple Tube Sponge
2	CNIDARIANS	§  Radial symmetry. Have only 2 layers of tissue (outer epidermis and inner cell) §  Using tentacles to capture animals and protists §  Have a digestive compartment called vascular cavity §  Have unique stinging cells (cnidocytes)	·      Hydra ·      Jellyfish ·      Sea anemone ·      Coral
3	FLATWORMS	§  The simplest bilaterians, thin, ribbon-like animals §  Live in marine and freshwater §  Have 3 groups contain planarians, tapeworms and flukes	·      Planarians ·      Tapeworms ·      Flukes
4	NEMATODES	§  Bilateral symmetry §  Fluid-filled body. Have cuticle that protects the body from drying out §  Have a complete digestive track with 2 openings §  Important decomposer in soil, bottom of lakes and ocean	·      Heartworm ·      Hookworm
5	MOLLUSCS	§  Soft-bodied animals, most of them are protected by a shell §  Built up from three main parts §  Have a radula to scrape up foods §  Have a true coeloms and circulatory system	·      Sea Slug ·      Land Snail ·      Scallop ·      Squid
6	ANNELIDS	§  Segmented body, resembling fused rings §  Have a closed circulatory system §  Flexible and have a high mobility §  Found in damp soil, sea and freshwater	·      Earthworm ·      Leech
7	ARTHROPODS	§  The bodies are bilateral symmetry §  Has an exoskeleton that build up from kitin to protect the body §  Open circulatory system §  Segmented legs	·      Crab ·      Scorpion ·      Spider ·      Dust Mite
8	INSECTS	§  The body is segmented into thorax, abdomen and head §  Some of them have antennas §  Have different types of mouth §  Have 3 pairs of legs, big eyes and wings	·      Caterpillar ·      Moth ·      Stick insect ·      Beetle
9	ECHINODERMS	§  Radial symmetry §  Have several arms §  Have a tentacle-like structures called tube feet with suction pods §  Exclusively marine	·      Sea Star ·      Sea Urchin ·      Sea Cucumber
10	CHORDATA	§  Has a notochord §  Has a dorsal hollow nerve cord §  Has pharyngeal slits §  Has post anal tail	·      Lancelet ·      Tunicate

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

No	GROUP	CHARACTERISTIC	EXAMPLES
1	FISH	·      Live in the water and breathe by absorbing O2 through their gills ·      Cold - Blooded ·      Some have scale and use them to swim ·      Don’t have to external ears nor eyelids	·         Flounder fish ·         Ray finned fish ·         Gold fish
2	AMPHIBIANS	·      Cold - Blooded ·      Have permeable skin, some gases and molecules can penetrate ·      Have gills	·         Salamander ·         Frog ·         Toad
3	REPTILES	·      Covered in scales ·      Breathe with lungs ·      Most of them lay eggs	·         Snake ·         Lizard ·         Alligator
4	BIRDS	·      Warm - Blooded ·      Have wings, feathers growing from their skin, and a though beak instead of teeth ·      Have four chambered heart ·      Most species have hollow/lighten bones	·         Emu ·         Hawk ·         Eagle
5	MAMMALS	·      Warm - Blooded ·      Have hair on their body ·      Give birth ·      Produce milk	·         Cow ·         Platypus ·         Goat

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