Research Proposal - (ATM) Aptitude Tasking Method as a Technique To Improve Learning Interesting Student by Means of Assignment
Educational Research & Method
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
(ATM) APTITUDE TASKING METHOD AS A TECHNIQUE TO
IMPROVE LEARNING INTERESTING STUDENT BY MEANS OF ASSIGNMENT
Arranged
by:
Hengky
Kusniar 1601032
I. INTRODUCTION
A.
Background
The development of an
increasingly modern era in the globalization as it is today the demand for
quality human resources. Improving the quality of human resources is a
prerequisite for achieving development goals. One effort to improve the quality
of human resources is education.
Education is all
efforts and efforts to make people able to develop human potential to have
spiritual strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character,
and possess the necessary skills as members of society and citizens. In
addition, education is an attempt to form a whole human born and mind smart,
healthy, and virtuous noble character. It is recognized by all people or a
nation for its future sustainability. Likewise with Indonesia put great hope on
education in the future development of this nation, because that's where the
young shoots of hope of the nation as the next generation is formed. The
quality of education is closely related to the quality of students because
students are the center point (subject) of teaching and learning process.
Therefore, in improving the quality of education, learning achievement is a
direct indicator of educational quality. Where efforts to improve the quality
of education can be done with efforts to improve student achievement. The
higher the learning achievement achieved by the students the more successful
learning process is achieved and vice versa.
The learning process is
influenced by several factors, including internal factors (factors that come
from within students) and external factors (factors that come from outside the
student self). Internal factors include: physical factors (consisting of health
and disability factors), psychological factors (consisting of intelligence,
attention, interest, talent, motivation, perception, maturity and readiness) and
fatigue factors. While external factors include: family factors that is the way
parents educate, the relationship between family members, home atmosphere,
family economic situation, understanding parents, cultural background; school
factors i.e. teaching method, curriculum, teacher relation with student,
student relation with student, school discipline, school time tool, building
condition, learning method and home task; community factors is student
activities in the community, media, friends mingle, and life forms of society.
One of the factors that
influence the learning process is the provision of home tasks. The task is a
job that requires implementation to be completed. While the definition of
homework by Roestiyah (2008: 132-133) is the provision of duties as a
distraction which is a variation of the technique of presenting the material to
students to do at home. The assignment of homework assignment given to the
students as an effort so that students do active learning activities, better
understand the material that has been submitted by the teacher.
But in fact most
students tend to feel overwhelmed and lazy in doing the task given by the
teacher. They feel the task is difficult and too much. And it causes students
not optimal in understanding the concept of Lesson. So some students do cheats
like cheating and doing school work.
Teachers should pay
attention to every task given to their students, so that the task can improve
students' ability in accordance with the material that has been given. In addition
to giving tasks aimed so that students can take advantage of their study time
at home. Utilization of home study time is something that is very important and
valuable for students, because time will not be back again. Therefore there
must be a solution how to increase student interest in doing the task.
Based on the
description above is known that the assignment of the task sometimes makes
students feel lazy to do and make students not maximal in understanding the
concept of Lesson. Therefore, a study entitled “(ATM) Aptitude Tasking Method
as a Technique to improve study interesting student by means of Assignment” As
a solution in overcoming the problem of this study.
B.
Problem
a.
Problem statement
Based
on the background of the problem described above, then the problem in this research is formulated as follows:
- Does
the use of Aptitude tasking method will improve study interesting of students?
b.
Problem question
Based
on the background of the problem described above, then the problem in this research is formulated as follows
- How does the response of students
toward assignment with Aptitude tasking method?
C. Limitation
Based on the identification of the above problems, the
problems that arise in the achievement of maximum learning achievement is
influenced by many factors. Therefore, this study to study more in-depth and
focused, then research needs to limit the scope of the problem. The problem is
limited to the lazy nature factor that students have in doing the task. Is
intended to understand how a good solution is to make students more interested
in doing tasks with a particular method.
D. Objective
The purpose of
this research is to:
a. To
Increase student interest in doing task through Aptitude Tasking method (ATM)
b. To
eliminate the sense of laziness and foster a sense of excitement in doing the
task through Aptitude Asking method (ATM)
E. Benefit
1) Theoretically
a. The
results of this study are expected to provide input in order to overcome the
sense of laziness and not interested students in doing the task.
b. The
results of this study is expected to make students understand the concept of
learning materials well besides it can hone their talents. So that students can
achieve.
2) Practically
a. For
teachers, as an input for teaching and learning activities in order to improve
student achievement.
b. For
students, as an Enter so that students are able to carry out the learning
process activities well and fun.
c. For
researchers, as a provision of future educators, and to apply knowledge that
has been obtained in college and add experience and knowledge.
F. Assumption
The
assumption of this research is:
Aptitude Tasking Method is a good method
to increase student interest in doing the task. Because each student will be
assigned according to the interest they have so they will feel happy and enjoy
while doing the task
G. Hypothesis (Experiment research)
Ho
: There is a significant different between class
before the treatment is given, and after the treatment is given.
II.
LITERATURE
RIVIEW
A. Theory Description
1. Learning
a. Understanding
Learning
Learning is an activity that cannot be separated in
human life. Consciously or not, this process has actually done man from birth
to meet the needs of life as well as develop the potentials that exist in him.
"Learning according to the Indonesian General Dictionary means trying,
training and so on in order to gain intelligence" (Poerwadarminta, 2005:
121).
From this understanding can be concluded that
learning is the process of changing the quality and quantity of behavior in a
person that is shown by increasing knowledge, thinking power, skills,
attitudes, habits, and others.
Learning
is something that must be done by humans to get something that has not been
understood or that has not been explored thoroughly about a thing. By learning
someone will be able to change itself to a better direction, both in terms of
quality, and quantity of knowledge it has. If in a process of learning a person
does not experience improvement in quality or quantity of ability, then the
person is basically not learning, or in other words fail in learning.
According to Ngalim Purwanto (2003:
84) there are several elements that characterize the notion of learning, namely
that:
1) Learning
is a change in behavior, where change can lead to better behavior.
2) Learning
is a change that occurs through practice or experience; in the sense that
changes caused by growth or maturity are not considered as learning outcomes;
such as changes that occur in a baby.
3) To
be able to disseat learning, then the change must be relatively steady and
settled.
4) Behavior
that changes due to learning concerning various aspects of personality, both
physical and psychological, such as: changes in understanding, solving in a
problem / thinking, skills, skills, habits, or attitudes.
"Learning
is a process by which a person undertakes to obtain a change of behavior as a
whole, as a result of his own experience in his interactions with his
environment "(Slameto, 2003: 2)
2.
Assignment
a. Understanding of
Assignment
"The task is a job that requires implementation
to be completed. Teachers can assign tasks to students as an inseparable part
of the students' learning tasks "(Syaiful Bahri Djamarah and Aswan Zain,
2006: 153). According
to the Indonesian Dictionary, "Duty is a must-do / determined to do, work
that is the responsibility of a person, the work that is charged"
(Poerwadarminta, 2005: 1299). Assignment
of duty is one part of the teaching method is done by assigning students to
re-learn the subject matter that has been given by the teacher and then must be
accounted for. According to Winkel
(2005: 277), assignment can be viewed from three angles, namely:
a. According
to the instructional objectives to be achieved, more so in terms of the type of
behavior, whether including the cognitive domain, affective domain, or
psychomotor domain.
b. According
to the number of students who have to do the task. There are tasks that must be
done individually, done together with friends or done together in small groups
and large.
c. According
to the level of demands or mentoring provided by the teaching staff. Students
may be asked to work on their own and discover without being instructed by the
teacher (discovery learning) or clearly guided by the teacher (expository
teaching).
Based on the above opinion on the definition of
assignment is the job given by the teacher in the form of certain tasks,
students do the task and then accountable so that students can understand the
material that has been submitted by the teacher.
b.
Step of Assignment
Assignment of tasks in the learning process is based
on the idea that by giving the task students will learn. The more often
assigned, the more students will learn, and the more often the student learns
then his achievements will increase. Steps to be followed in the assignment of
duties according to Syaiful Bahri Djamarah and Aswan Zain (2006: 86) there are
three phases, namely:
1)
The Task Planning Phase (task assignment process of the teacher) the task given
by the student should consider:
a) Objectives
to be achieved
b) Types of tasks clear and precise so that
children understand what is assigned.
c) In
accordance with the ability of the student
d) There are instructions / resources that
can help the students' work
e) Provide
sufficient time to complete the task.
2) Phase of Task
Implementation
a) Giving
guidance / supervision by the teacher
b) Given
the impulse so that the child will work
c) Cultivated
/ done by the students themselves, do not ask others.
d) It
is recommended that the student record the results he obtained well and
systematically.
3) Phase Responsible
Task
a) Student
reports either oral / written of what has been done.
b) There
is a class Q & A / discussion
c) Assessment
of student work result either by test or notes or other way.
Teachers
in assigning tasks to students according to Moh. Uzer Usman and Lilis Setiawati
(1993: 128) should go through the following steps:
a. Establish
assignment goals, this is necessary in order to facilitate the determination of
the type of task to be assigned to the students.
b. Assign
the type of task to be assigned to the student
c. Explain
how to do the task
d. Setting
the time limit required to perform the task
e. Implementation
of duties by students
f. Resistance
phase (accountability) assigned tasks to students, both in written and oral.
Good job requirements
according to Suprihadi Saputro, et al (2000: 76), are:
1)
It should be stated clearly and firmly
a. Should
be accompanied also about the difficulties to be faced
b. Must
be related to what is learned
c. Should
be discussed by teachers and students
d. Should
be adjusted to the student's ability
e. Should
be carried out by the students themselves
f. Must
be adjusted to the time available to students.
Based on the above opinion, teachers should pay
attention to the steps in assigning tasks to students so that tasks that have
been given can be completed and accounted for by the students well. Teachers
also have to correct every task that has been given to students to know the
level of understanding of students in mastering the material that has been
given. Through the application of the assignment of teachers, can help students
to be more active and independent in the process of teaching and learning, able
to improve the competence owned so as to help improve learning achievement.
c. Types of Assignment
The
types of tasks that can be given to students who can help the ongoing teaching
and learning process:
1. The
task of making a summary
2. The
task of making papers
3. Solve
the problem
4. The
task of observation
5. The
task of practicing something
6. The
task of demonstrating observation.
According to Roestiyah (2008: 133), "The task
can be given in the form of a list of questions concerning a particular
student's eye or a command that should be discussed with a discussion or need
to be searched for in a textbook, otherwise it may be a written assignment or
an oral assignment, collecting things, making things, observing something and
experimenting."
Based on the above opinion it can be concluded that
the type or form of tasks that teachers provide to students can be questions,
exercises, and written, homework (homework), and so forth.
d. Advantages and
Disadvantages of Assignment Methods
According
to Syaiful Bahri Djamarah and Aswan Zain (2006: 87) there are advantages and
disadvantages in the use of assignment methods, namely:
1) The advantages for
the students, among others:
a) More
stimulate students in individual or group learning activities.
b) Can
develop student independence outside of teacher supervision
c) Can
foster student responsibility and discipline
d) Can
develop students' creativity.
2) Disadvantages for
teachers, among others:
a) The
student is difficult to control, whether it is he who is working or someone
else
b) Especially
for group work, not infrequently the active work on and solve it is a certain
member only, while other members do not participate well
c) It
is not easy to assign tasks that match individual student differences
d) Frequently
assigning monotonous tasks (not varying) can create boredom for students
The tasks given by the teacher should always vary,
so that the task can provide encouragement to students to be more active
learning so as to improve learning achievement.
3. Aptitude
Understanding Interest An individual's interest in
an object will be more visible if the object is in accordance with the goals
and related to the wishes and needs of someone in question (Sardiman, 1990:
76). According Tampubolon (1991: 41) said that interest is a combination of
desires and wills that can develop if there is motivation. Meanwhile, according
to Djali (2008: 121) that interest is basically the acceptance of a
relationship between yourself with something outside the self. Very great
interest pangaruhnya in achieving in a job, position, or career. It will not be
possible for people who are not interested in a job to get the job done
properly. Interests can be interpreted as a sense of pleasure or displeasure in
the face of an object (Mohamad Surya, 2003: 100). Interest relates to a
person's likes or feelings about an object. This is as stated by Slameto (2003:
180) which states that interest as a sense of preferences and a sense of
attachment to a thing or activity, without any one telling. Interest is
essentially the acceptance of a relationship between oneself and something
outside of self. The stronger or closer the relationship, the greater the
interest. According to Kartini Kartono (1996: 12).
From some opinions of experts above can be concluded
that Interests is a tendency in someone who is marked with a sense of pleasure
or interest in a particular object is accompanied by a concentration of
attention to the object and the desire to engage in the activity of certain
objects, thus causing a person has a desire to engage in a directly in a
particular object or activity, because it felt meaningful for him and there is
hope in the go.
III.
METHODOLOGY
A.
Operational
definition
1.
Assignment
the process of
giving a particular job or piece of work to
someone, or of sending someone
to a chosen place to
do a job.
2. Aptitude
An aptitude is a
component of a competence to do a certain kind of work at a certain level. Outstanding aptitude can be considered
"talent". An aptitude may be physical or mental. Aptitude is inborn potential to do certain kinds of work
whether developed or undeveloped. Ability is developed knowledge, understanding, learned or acquired abilities (skills) or attitude. The innate nature of aptitude is in contrast to skills and achievement,
which represent knowledge or ability that is gained through learning.
3.
Learning
Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, preference. Evidence that learning has occurred may be seen in changes
in behavior from simple to complex, from moving a finger to skill in
synthesizing information or a change in attitude.
B. Method
The method
that used in this research is experimental research, since the researcher is
giving the sample a treatment, and measure the effect of the treatment toward
the sample. In this research, the researcher will use ATM (Aptitude Tasking
Method) as the Assignment media as the treatment. Each student is assigned a
specific subject. Students can choose the type of task they want to work in
accordance with their Aptitude. And measure the effect of ATM in science
learning towards student’s participation in do assignment.
C.
Population
sample
This research will be conducted in SMPN 1 Warungkiara
a. Population:
The population of this research is students in SMPN 1
Warungkiara
b. Sample:
The sample of this research is 30 student of SMPN 1
Warungkiara which picked randomly from each grade (7, 8, and 9).
D.
Instrument
The
instruments that are used in this research is:
1. Pre-test
Questionnaire
The function of pre-test questionnaire is too measure the
initial conditions of students. Which is the condition before applying Aptitude
Tasking Method (ATM) and measure the participation of the student during
science learning activity.
2. Post-test
Questionnaire
The function of post-test questionnaire is to measure the
effect of the treatment after the treatment is given.
E.
Data
Analysis
Data obtained from quantitative. Quantitative data
obtained from the pretest and the post-test (student conceptual mastery).
1. Scoring of Test Item
To process of the data the first step is scoring the item
test.
2. Calculation of Gain score and N-Gain Score
According
to Hake (1998), gain score is obtained from the differences between pretest and
posttest. The formula to get the gain score:
G=Sf.Si
Where,
G=Gain
score
Sf=
Posttest score
Si=
Pretest score
F.
Research
Procedure
The study will be conducted by Choose 10 students
each grade randomly and Give the pre-test questionnaire and treatment to the
sample. And after that, give the post-test questionnaire to see if the
treatment is giving any effects to the sample. From the test results obtained
data for the next will be observed and analyzed. After processing the data is
complete then made observation report and the proposal was completed.
G.
Schedule
In
this research, researcher make schedule for the effective steps in this
research as follows:
|
Details
|
Week
|
|||
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
|
|
Prepare
the questionnaire
|
√
|
|||
|
Give
the pre-test questionnaire
|
√
|
|||
|
Give
the treatment
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
√
|
|
Give
the post-test questionnaire
|
√
|
|||
|
Observe
the data that have been gathered
|
√
|
|||
The table above
describes the schedule that have been arranged by the researcher:
1.
In
the first week, the researcher will prepare the questionnaire including the
pre-test and post-test questionnaire. And also give the pre-test questionnaire
to the sample.
2.
The
researcher will give the sample a treatment from first until fourth week
3.
In
the fourth week, the research will give the post-test to the sample to see the
effect of the treatment and the researcher will start to observe and analyze
the data that was got from the questionnaire
IV.
REFERENCES
0 Response to "Research Proposal - (ATM) Aptitude Tasking Method as a Technique To Improve Learning Interesting Student by Means of Assignment"
Posting Komentar